Changing Self Perceptions

A controlled efficacy study of the Quadrinity Process

The Results

The Windhausen results are significant, both in their statistical analysis and in terms of the theoretical implications. In the Procedures and Method section above, the hypotheses were listed. Below, in the Results section, the hypotheses together with the evidence for their supportive data are presented.

Hypothesis 1: The Quadrinity Process offers long-term changes.

Windhausen's first hypothesis of her dissertation was that the Quadrinity Process offers long-term changes. This hypothesis was supported by the evidence in The Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen (FSKN) Frankfurter—Self Concept Scales. For instance, below the reader can view this author's adapted

Figure 12 of the Windhausen dissertation. These are the results from the 10 Frankfurter (FSKN) sub-scales. Note that the FSKN sub-scales test for self concept. This scale recorded the individual's perception of self-worth, his worth as seen by others, and his ability to deal with exchanges in the social environment.

Figure 12

Note that the left string of scores is the first set of tests performed by the Quadrinity Process subjects.

The three right strings of scores are all post-intervention. Although somewhat difficult to decipher which of the three post-intervention test points are most significantly changed, what is clear is that immediately after the intervention, as well as 3, 6, and 12 months later, scores show significant changes that have not deteriorated over time. The above 10 FSKN scales refer to the listed scales below.

• FASL: Allgemeine Leistungsfaehigkeit—General Capacity for Responsibility
  
• FSAP: Allgemeine Problembewaeltigung—General Efficacy at Problem Solving
  
• FSVE: Verhaltens- und Entscheidungssicherheit—Capacity for stick-with-it-ness in personal decision-making in everyday circumstances
  
• FSST: Standfestigkeit gegenueber Gruppen und bedeutsamen anderen—Capacity for representing one's own opinion in the face of authority and social interchanges
  
• FSKU: Kontakt- und Umgangsfaehigkeit—Capacity to commence and end conversations, to successfully mingle in social contexts
  
• FSWA: Wertschaetzung durch andere—Self worth, as seen by others, especially in the family
  
• FSIA: Irritierbarkeit durch andere—Influence of others on perceptions and emotional perameters
  
• FSGA: Gefuehle und Beziehungen zu anderen—Feelings and relationships with others
  
• FSSW: Allgemeine Selbstwertschaetzung—General feelings of self worth
  
• FSEG: Empfindlichkeit und Gestimmtheit—Sensitivity and Sensibility

Hypothesis 2: In the examination of the two groups, the effects of the 8 day Quadrinity Process are larger and more stable than those of the three-month clinical therapy control group.

This hypothesis is supported by the data demonstrated in the adapted Tables 10 and 11 shown below. What this data suggests that exposure to the group therapy did not have the same effect on the scores as did exposure to the Quadrinity Process. That is, the symptoms reported by the hospital group did not diminish while the report of symptoms and their severity did significantly diminish with the Quadrinity Process group. This data helps confirm the second hypothesis.

Table 10

Table 11

Note the comparison of the two groups. In Table 10 the probability scores are at 0.0000 for the experimental Quadrinity Process group. The these low probabilities reflect the fact that the Symptom Check List scores become consistently lower over a 3,6, and 12 month interval, after the exposure to the 8 day QUADRINITY PROCESS.

Note that the probability scores in Table 11 for the control group, (the three-month group therapy at a hospital), are not statistically robust. Here the probability ranges from 0.5756 at the highest level to 0.0372

• SCL 1: Somatisierung—Somatization
  
• SCL 2: Zwanghaftigkeit—Obsessive-Compulsive
  
• SCL 3: Unsicherheit im Sozialkontakt—Interpersonal Sensitivity
  
• SCL 4: Depressivitaet—Depression
  
• SCL 5: Aengstlichkeit—Anxiety
  
• SCL 6: Aggressivitaet und Feindseligkeit—Hostility
  
• SCL 7: Phobische Angst—Phobic Anxiety
  
• SCL 8: Paranoides Denken—Ideation Paranoid
  
• SCL 9: Psychotizismus—Psychotism

Hypothesis 3 (a): Reduction of reported symptomatology.

Windhausen hypothesized that the symptoms reported by the subjects on The Symptom-Check-Liste (SCL 90-R) would show statistically significant reductions. The adapted Table 10 is evidence for the confirmation of this hypothesis. Notice that the mean scores of the 4 different Zeit time intervals, are reduced in terms of severity over time. That is, symptoms are reported as less severe after the Quadrinity Process over time.

Hypothesis 3 (b): Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen (FSKN), the sub-scales FSST and FSEG, were analyzed to specifically clarify this hypothesis. The FSST acronym for Standfestigkeit gegenueber Gruppen und bedeutsamen anderen—Capacity for representing one's own opinion in the face of authority and social interchanges and the FSEG acronym for Empfindlichkeit und Gestimmtheit Sensitivity and sensibility both address the 3(b) hypothesis. Windhausen's findings were partially significant. The adapted Table 8 gives the chi-square results, showing a probability of 0.0109 for the FSST scale, and a probability score of 0.2834 for the other sub-scale FSEG. These are the results for the 3-month group therapy clinic. The results of the Quadrinity Process show very significant results of probability 0.0000 and 0.0000 for the FSST and FSEG sub-scales respectively. These results are found in the adapted Table 7 below.

Table 8

The Table 7

Hypothesis 3 (c): Increased self-assurance.

Windhausen chose three sub-scales to demonstrate her hypothesis that the experimental group would show higher degrees of self-assurance over time. Those scales were the SCL3, (From the SCL 90-R), the Unsicherheit im Sozialkontakt—Interpersonal Sensitivity and from the FSKN she chose the FSST, Standfestigkeit gegenueber Gruppen und bedeutsamen anderen—Capacity for representing one's own opinion in the face of authority and group interchanges, and the FSIA Irritierbarkeit durch andere—Influence of others on perceptions and emotional perameters. The probability scores, as shown in Table 10 above, for the SCL3 score was 0.0003, again a robust and statistically significant score. The FSST and FSIA, as noted in Table 7 were both at a probability level of 0.0000.

Hypothesis 3 (d): Development of emotional competence (self-awareness, growth potential, ability to overcome problems, ability to deal with changes, consciousness of responsibility, etc.).

This hypotheses drew from the following scales for confirmation and support: From the FSKN, the sub-scales of FASP, FSAL FSVE, and FSST. From the Giessen-Test (GTS und GTIS) the GTS 1, Soziale Resonanz—Differentiating attributes of being loved or shunned in social settings, and the GTS 2, Dominanz—Differentiating attributes of dominance, showing authoritarian traits or self effacing submissive qualities, and the GTS 3, Kontrolle—Differentiating attributes of controleither uncontrolled behavior or over-controlled behavior, as well as the GTS 5: Durchlassigkeit—Differentiating attributes of retentive or expressive styles of interpersonal relationship, were chosen. The Unsicherheitsfragebogen (U-Fragebogen)—Confidence Questionnaire was also used to confirm or disconfirm this hypothesis. Results for the Giessen-Test sub-scales 1, 2, 3, and 5 are in the adapted Tables 17 below Again, probability scores show significant statistical results, at a probability level of 0.0000, 0.0220, 0.0066 and 0.0000.

Table 17

• GTS 1: Soziale Resonanz—Differentiating attributes of being loved or shunned in social settings
  
• GTS 2: Dominanz—Differentiating attributes of dominance, showing authoritarian traits or self effacing submissive qualities
  
• GTS 3: Kontrolle—Differentiating attributes of controleither uncontrolled behavior or over-controlled behavior
  
• GTS 4: Grundstimmung—Differentiating attributes of either hypomanic or depressive styles of interpersonal relationships
  
• GTS 5: Durchlassigkeit—Differentiating attributes of retentive or expressive styles of interpersonal relationship
  
• GTS 6: Sociale Potenz—Differentiating attributes regarding social skills such as demonstrated comfort in heterosexual contact, free with imagination, ability to socialize easily
  

Hypothesis 3 (e): Increased ability to deal with life circumstances.

To confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis of the increased ability to deal with life circumstances, this investigator used FSKN, the sub-scales of FSKU, FSWA, AND FSGA. From the Giessen-Test (GTS und GTIS) the GTS 2, Dominanz—Differentiating attributes of dominance, showing authoritarian traits or self effacing submissive qualities, and the GTS 6, Sociale Potenz — Differentiating attributes regarding social skills such as demonstrated comfort in heterosexual contact, free with imagination, ability to socialize easily. Using Table 7 and Table 17 results shows the probability scores ranging from scores of 0.0220 to 0.0000 for the Giesen instrument. The Frankfurter (FSKN) scores ranged from the 0.0001 to the 0.0000 level for all subscale scores of FSKU, FSWA and FSGA.

Hypothesis 3 (f): The movement of self-perception towards a picture of the desired ideal.

This hypothesis, although to be measured by the Giesen instrument, was probably not adequately placed into the context of this instrument. In other words, the statistical results of the "ideal picture" are not realized. The Giesen sub-scales show probability scores from 0.6161 to 0.0212. This suggests less than confirmation of the hypothesis that the individuals have realized their desired ideal.

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